Preparation & Applications of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)
PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate/Acrylic Glass) is prepared by addition polymerisation (free radical mechanism) of Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) monomer using benzoyl peroxide initiator at 60°C–80°C.
Reaction: n[CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3] --Peroxide-Δ->,[-CH2-C(CH3)(COOCH3)-]n. Peroxide decomposes into free radicals, opening the double bond of MMA to form a linear polymer chain.
Properties: High optical clarity (92% light transmission,
WAP to Find Greater of Three Numbers
C Program to Find Largest of Three Numbers:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int a, b, c;
printf("Enter three numbers: ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &a, &b, &c);
if (a >= b && a >= c) {
printf("%d is the largest.\n", a);
} else if (b >= a && b >= c) {
printf("%d is the largest.\n", b);
} else {
printf("%d is the largest.\n", c);
}
return 0;
}
WAP to
(b) Separation of Lanthanides by Ion Exchange Method: Lanthanides are difficult to separate because they have very similar chemical properties and generally exist in the +3 oxidation state. Due to lanthanide contraction, their ionic radii decrease gradually from La³⁺ to Lu³⁺. Therefore, the ion exchange method is one of the most efficient methods for the separation and purification of individual lanthanides. Principle:The ion exchange method is based on the slight differences in the stability
Probability of an Event: P(A) = (Number of favorable outcomes) / (Total number of outcomes) = n(A) / n(E)
Probability Range: 0 <= P(A) <= 1
P(A) = 0 means the event is impossible.
P(A) = 1 means the event is certain to occur.
Complementary Events (Not A): P(A') = 1 - P(A) OR P(A) + P(A') = 1
General Addition Formula (For any two events A and B): P(A U B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A AND B)
Mutually Exclusive Events:
A1. Explain the agency relationship in the context of a publicly listed company 6 marks
An agency relationship exists when one party, the principal, hires another party, the agent, to take decisions on their behalf. In a publicly listed company the shareholders are the principals because they own the firm, and the managers and directors are the agents because they run it day to day.
Why it arises. It comes from the separation of ownership and control. A listed company has thousands of small, scattered
Here are short, exam-oriented answers in English for all the questions shown in your notebook.
A PIN diode is a semiconductor diode with three layers: P-type, Intrinsic (I), and N-type.
Features:
Applications:
The Hall Effect is used to:
1. Q3(a): What is dielectric polarization? Explain electronic polarization and orientation polarization in dielectrics.
Dielectric Polarization: When a dielectric (insulating) material is placed in an external electric field, its positive and negative charges shift slightly from their equilibrium positions. This induces temporary dipole moments within the material, a process known as dielectric polarization.
Electronic Polarization: This occurs when the applied electric field displaces the negatively
Upaklpana (Secondary dosage forms): Kalka: Churna Kalpana b Pramathya Kalpana, Paniya Kalpana, Ushnodaka, Ksheera Paka Kalpana, Laksha Rasa, Mamsa Rasa Hima Kalpana : Mantha Kalpana, Udaka Kalpana, Panaka Kalpana Phanta Kalpana: Arka
पचिविध कषाय कल्पनमिति । तद्यथा-स्वरस, कल्कः, श्रृतः फाण्टश्चेति । तेषां यथा पूर्वं बलाधिक्यं (च.सू. 4/4)
यन्त्र
Binary Search
arr = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70]
key = int(input("Enter number to search: "))
low = 0
high = len(arr) - 1
while low <= high:
mid = (low + high) // 2
if arr[mid] == key:
print("Element found at index", mid)
break
elif arr[mid] < key:
low = mid + 1
else:
high = mid - 1
else:
print("Element not found")
Largest Element
numbers = [10, 25, 8, 45, 30]
largest = numbers[0]
for i in numbers:
if i > largest:
...