1. Define Mean
Mean = Average.
Sum of all values ÷ Number of values.
2. Find mean of first ten natural numbers
First 10 natural numbers: 1 to 10
Sum = 55
Mean = 55 ÷ 10 = 5.5
3. Define Median
Median = Beech wala value jab data ko chhote–bade order me likhte hain.
4. Find median of first ten even numbers
First 10 even numbers: 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20
Even count (10 values) → median = average of 5th & 6th value
5th = 10, 6th = 12
Median = (10 + 12)/2 = 11
5. Define Mode
Mode = Jo value sabse zyada baar
A computer is an electronic device that accepts input, processes data according to instructions, stores information, and produces output. It operates through both hardware (physical components like CPU, memory, storage) and software (programs and operating systems).[1][2][7] ### Definition: A computer is an electronic device that processes information based on a set of instructions, storing, retrieving, and manipulating data to perform a wide range of tasks efficiently.[2][1]
### Characteristics:
IEEE 802.15.4 is a low-power, low-data-rate wireless standard used for IoT sensor
networks.
Iske upar 3 main protocols banaye gaye hain:
1. Zigbe Zigbee is a low-power, low-cost wireless mesh protocol for smart homes and IoT
automation.
✔ Advantages
• Supports mesh networking → long-range coverage
• Very low power consumption
• Cheap modules
• Reliable for home automation
✘ Disadvantages
• Low data rate
• Not suitable for high-speed applications
• Limited range without mesh
| XML | HTML |
|---|---|
| Extensible Markup Language | HyperText Markup Language |
| Used to store and transport data | Used to display data in browser |
| User-defined tags | Predefined tags |
| Case-sensitive | Not case-sensitive |
| Strict syntax, errors not tolerated | Flexible, errors tolerated |
| Focus: Data | Focus: Presentation |
| ID | Class |
|---|---|
| Unique for one element | Can be used for many elements |
| Used for JS targeting | Used mainly for styling |
6Q1. Write short notes on (Any Four) — (4 × 5 = 20)
Impurities — physical (suspended solids, turbidity), chemical (dissolved salts, hardness, metals, pH), biological (bacteria, viruses, protozoa), and organics (oil, pesticides).
Treatment processes (typical sequence):
Intake & Screening — remove large debris.
Coagulation & Flocculation — add coagulant (alum/iron salts) to destabilize colloids; gentle mixing forms flocs.
a) What are the disadvantages of virtualization?
b) What is the difference between distributed objects and RPC?
c) Define Federated Clouds.
a) Disadvantages of Virtualization
(Any 3 points for 2 marks)
Performance Overhead:
Virtual machines run on top of a hypervisor, so applications may not perform as fast as on physical hardware.
High Initial Cost:
Powerful servers, hypervisors, and storage systems are required, which increases setup cost.
Complex Management:
Managing multiple VMs, snapshots,
Assigns items to groups (A, B, C) based on value/importance.
Example: A = laptops, B = keyboards, C = mousepads.
Receiving goods from multiple sources.
Example: A DC receives shipments from 10 factories.
Assigns cost based on activities, not departments.
Example: Shipping-heavy customers show higher cost-to-serve.
Matching inventory to customer orders.
Example: DC allocates 50 units to a customer order.
Inventory
Malware: malicious software designed to disrupt systems, steal information, or gain unauthorized access. Goal of malware(Disruption:shutting down processes, freezing systems, Data Theft:exfiltrating passwords, Unauthorized Access:giving attackers a secret way in, Covert Control:remote command & control, botnets). Malware has not changed fundamentally sincevon Neumann’s 1949 paper on self replicating automata. Mal classified; Viruses (Need a host file), infect executable files or boot sectors,...
Η νομοθεσία
Με τα αξιόλογα νομοθετήματα της Μακεδονικής Δυναστείας επιδιώχθηκε συνειδητά η απομάκρυνση από το Δίκαιο των Εικονομάχων και η επιστροφή στο Ρωμαϊκό Δίκαιο, με προσαρμογές όμως που υπαγόρευαν τα νέα κοινωνικά και πολιτικά δεδομένα.
Η αναθεώρηση του ισχύοντος...