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There are four kinds of variables: 1)Local variables are those declared in method bodies; these appear in the variable portion of a Java execution frame. Unless explicitly requested, you generally need not show execution frames in an object diagram. 2)Instance variables are non-static variables declared within a class body; these appear within an instance object box; see the discussion of objects below. 3)Class variables are static variables declared within a class body; these appear within a
...Message authentication verifies that a message received over a communication channel is from the legitimate sender and has not been altered during transmission. It ensures data integrity, authenticity, and often non-repudiation (in the case of digital signatures).
Goals of Message Authentication
Authenticity: Confirms that the message came from the stated sender.
Integrity: Ensures the message has not been changed.
Non-repudiation (optional): Prevents the sender from denying having sent the message.
Trusted System:-A trusted system is a computer system or network that has been designed, implemented, and tested to meet specific security requirements. Trusted systems are used to protect sensitive information, prevent unauthorized access, and ensure the integrity and availability of data and systems. A trusted system is typically designed with a set of security features, such as access controls, authentication mechanisms, and encryption algorithms, that are carefully integrated to provide a comprehensive
a) List the types of array:
Indexed array (normal array with numeric keys)
Associative array (array with named keys)
Multidimensional array (array containing one or more arrays)
b) What are different arithmetic operators in PHP?
+ (Addition)
- (Subtraction)
* (Multiplication)
/ (Division)
% (Modulus - remainder)
c) What is abstract class in PHP?
An abstract class is a class that cannot be directly instantiated.
It may have abstract methods that must be defined in child classes.
d) Define
1) According to the strong form of the efficient market hypothesis, which of the following activity can still generate abnormal returns? a) Technical analysis b) Fundamental analysis c) Insider trading d) Active asset management e) None of the above Since strong form efficiency implies all information (public and private) is already incorporated in prices, none of the above activities can generate abnormal returns. 2) Which of the following statements about the security market line (SML) is NOT...
FEATURES OF SECONDARY OR STOCK MARKET
1.Market Intermediaries : The stock market involves various intermediaries, including stockbrokers, depositories, and clearing corporations. Stockbrokers facilitate the buying and selling of securities, depositories like NSDL and CDSL handle the electronic holding of securities, and clearing corporations ensure the settlement of trades.
2. Market Segments: The Indian stock market is segmented into different categories, including equity markets for stocks, derivatives
Q2)Define ‘Company’. Explain in detail the features of Company.Definition of Company:According to Section 2(20) of the Companies Act, 2013, "Company means a company incorporated under this Act or under any previous company law."Professor Haney defines a company as "an artificial person created by law, having separate legal entity, with a perpetual succession and a common seal."Features of a Company:1.Incorporated Association:A company must be registered under the Companies Act. Without registration,