Share Capital refers to the portion of a company’s capital that is raised by issuing shares to the public or private investors. It represents the ownership of shareholders in the company and is the primary source of long-term funds for a company.
According to Section 2(71) of the Companies Act, 2013, “Share Capital means the capital of a company which is divided into shares of a fixed amount each.”
Shareholders are owners of the company.
Share capital
Engineering Problem Solving
Examples: Equilibrium laws, conservation laws, stress–strain relationships, thermodynamic principles.
Use them to: Identify what applies to the problem, interpret results, and avoid incorrect assumptions.
• Understand the problem statement.
• Identify knowns
B) EFFECTS
How We Affect Climate
Burning fossil fuels increases greenhouse gases.
Deforestation reduces CO₂ absorption.
Agriculture releases methane and nitrous oxide.
Urbanisation creates heat islands.
Overall effect: global warming, rising sea levels, extreme weather, and ecosystem changes.
Human Impacts on Biomes – Amazon Rainforest
Deforestation for cattle, crops, logging, mining.
Loss of habitat and biodiversity.
More fires and droughts due to climate change.
Soil degradation and river
Starting from an {{c1::aniline}} ({{c1::Ar–NH₂}} with possible substituents like {{c1::tert-butyl}}), you can form an {{c1::aryl diazonium ion}} via {{c1::N-nitrosylation/diazotization}} using {{c1::NaNO₂, HCl, H₂O}} at about {{c1::0 °C}}. This gives an {{c1::N-nitrosamine intermediate}} that decomposes to {{c1::Ar–N₂⁺}}. For an {{c1::aromatic amine}}, the {{c1::diazonium ion}} is {{c1::stable at 0 °C}} and does {{c1::not react}} without heating. In contrast, {{c1::alkyl diazonium...
Topic 1.1 Sampling Method
+ Simple Random Sampling, equal prob of being selected --> gd representation but may have non-response bias
+ Systematic Sampling, applying a selection interval k from a random starting point, equal prob of being selected --> simple but not good representation if there is a pattern in the way subjects are lined up
+ Stratified Sampling, sampling frame divided into strata, size of each stratum doesn't need to be the same, apply simple random sampling to each stratum,
The various types of active attacks are described as follows:
Neomodernismulesteuncurentideologic,literardefinitdespiritulcreatorpostbelic. Acest curent literar a fost specific generației 60, apărând după o perioadă dominată de realismul socialist impus prin cenzura comunistă. Poeții neomoderniști redescoperă libertatea creatoare, atribuie poeziei un lirism accentuat, refăcând legătura cu poezia modernă interbelică. Poeții revin, după perioada realismului socialist, la metafore și la imagini noi, bazate pe un limbaj artistic dens și expresiv
...RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INSOLVENCY AND BANKRUPTCY CODE, 2016 (IBC) AND THE REAL ESTATE (REGULATION AND DEVELOPMENT) ACT, 2016 (RERA)
(20 Marks)
INTRODUCTION
The real estate sector in India historically suffered from delayed projects, insolvency of developers, diversion of funds, and lack of accountability. To address these issues, two major legislations were introduced in 2016:
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC) – a comprehensive mechanism for resolving insolvency of corporate persons...
(Present Worth, Future Worth, Annual Equivalent — Equal & Unequal Lives)
1. Purpose of Investment Evaluation
Used to compare different engineering projects based on their economic worth.
Projects may have:
- Different lifetimes
- Different cash-flow patterns
- Different initial investments
Goal → Select the economically best alternative.
2. Interest Factors (ESSENTIAL)
(These appear multiple times, so memorize.)
(P/F, i, n)
Present worth of single future sum
P = F(1+i)^-n
(F/P, i, n)
Future