This is the lost update problem. It happens when two transactions update the same data simultaneously, and one update overwrites the other.
It can be prevented using locking, such as row-level exclusive locks, which ensure only one transaction can modify the data at a time.
a. Using procedural language SQL, we can write block of code containing standard SQL statements and procedural extensions that is stored and executed at the DBMS server. → True
b. From the data modeler’s point of view,
INTRO TO INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIONIntercultural communication = exchange of information between people from different cultures. Key concepts: ethnocentrism (judging others by own culture), cultural relativism (understanding culture on its own terms), high-context vs. low-context (implicit vs. explicit communication), metacommunication (talking about communication), intercultural competence (skills to communicate effectively across cultures), cultural intelligence CQ (ability to adapt in diverse...
Explain ACL (Access Control List) and its types with an example of configuration
Definition: An Access Control List (ACL) is a set of rules used on routers or firewalls to control network traffic and reduce network attacks. It filters traffic based on IP address, protocol, or port number.
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Types of ACL:
1. Standard ACL:
Filters traffic based only on source IP address.
Range: 1–99 and 1300–1999 (expanded range).
Placed closer to destination (since it doesn't check destination IP or
A protocol is a set of rules and conventions that govern the communication between devices in a network.
It ensures data is sent, received, and understood properly between computers or network devices.
WWW is a system of interlinked hypertext documents and resources accessed via the internet using a web browser.It uses HTTP protocol to transfer web pages from the server to the client.Components of WWW: Web
Q. PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABITATION;
Certainly! Here's a 350-word detailed overview of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R), also known as Physiatry:
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) is a medical specialty focused on enhancing and restoring functional ability and quality of life to individuals with physical impairments or disabilities. It deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with disorders affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, bones,
MOA: Binds to 50S ribosome → inhibits peptide translocation → blocks protein synthesis (bacteriostatic).
Use: Anaerobic infections (e.g., Clostridium perfringens, Bacteroides), aspiration pneumonia, oral infections, invasive Streptococcus.
Adverse effects: Diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis, fever.
Contraindication: Pregnancy (1st trimester).
MOA: Inhibits peptidyltransferase
1. Define Management. What are its functions?
Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational activities to achieve desired goals efficiently and effectively.
Functions of Management: /**Planning – Setting goals and determining how to achieve them. /**Organizing – Arranging resources and tasks to achieve objectives. /**Leading – Motivating and directing employees to work effectively. /**Controlling – Monitoring progress