General Microbiology
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic:
Prokaryotic: no nucleus (Bacteria, Archaea)
Eukaryotic: has nucleus (Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals)
Unicellular vs Multicellular: Bacteria and Protists = one cell; Fungi = one or many cells; Plants and Animals = many cells
How they eat:
Autotroph = makes its own food (like plants)
Heterotroph = eats other things (like animals)
Decomposer = breaks down dead stuff (like fungi)
Key Discoveries: Microscopes helped find microbes,
LEC 1 : A programming language is a set of vocabulary and grammatical rules used to instruct a computer to perform tasks. Learning about programming languages is essential because knowing just one or two languages is not enough for a computer scientist. Studying language concepts improves your ability to express ideas, choose the right language for different tasks, learn new languages more easily, understand implementations, and even design new languages. A language like Prolog is highlighted as...
Characteristics of Soft Computing:-1.Biological Inspiration:-Soft computing often draws inspiration from natural processes, such as the human brain (neural networks) and evolution (genetic algorithms).2.Human Expertise:-It can incorporate human knowledge and expertise in the form of fuzzy rules or initial model structures.3.Model-Free Learning:-Many soft computing methods, like neural networks, can build models directly from data without requiring explicit mathematical formulations.4.Fault Tolerance:
1. State Legislatures: Vidhan Sabha & Vidhan Parishad
India's state legislatures can be unicameral (only Vidhan Sabha) or bicameral (Vidhan Sabha & Vidhan Parishad). Their structure and functions are outlined in Articles 168-212 of the Constitution.
Composition & Strength
Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly): Directly elected members from territorial constituencies. Strength varies from 60 to 500, with exceptions for smaller states.
Vidhan Parishad (Legislative Council): A permanent
Here are the answers for the 7 questions, 2 marks each, totaling 14 marks:
To convert Ethernet MAC to EUI-64:
12
public abstract String toString();
}
private ArrayList<String> courses;
public Undergraduate(String name, int id, int graduationYear) {
super(name, id);
this.graduationYear = graduationYear;
this.courses = new ArrayList<>();
}
public void displayStudentLevel() {
System.out.println(name + " is an undergraduate student.");
}
public void registerCourses() {
Random...
Economic Profit: Economic profit = Revenue - Explicit Costs - Implicit Costs
Example: A firm earns $500,000 in revenue, explicit costs of $300,000, & implicit costs of $50,000.
Economic Profit = 500,000 - 300,000 - 50,000 = 150,000 (positive economic profit).
Present Value (PV): PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
Where: FV = Future Value
r = Interest rate
n = Number of periods
Example: If U expect $1,000 in 3 years
Love as Emotion, Feeling, Verb, and Noun:
Emotion: Love is often felt as a deep emotional connection.
Feeling: Love can be described as an internal experience, characterized by affection or longing.
Verb: Love is an active process, involving care, commitment, and selflessness.
Noun: Love is also a concept, something that can be defined, discussed, and shared across different traditions.
Eros Love:
Pros and Cons: Eros represents passionate love that can be both beautiful
Question 1: Consider the fraction 6/7. The decimal representation of this fraction is:
Answer: 6 ÷ 7 = 0.857142857... (repeating)
Question 2: If 60% of a population is vaccinated, what is the ratio of vaccinated to unvaccinated individuals?
Answer: 60% vaccinated → 60 : 40 → Simplified = 3 : 2
Question 3: A property has been assessed at $225,000. The mill rate is 14.5. To find the property tax, you would multiply the mill rate by:
Answer: 14.5 ÷ 1000 = 0.0145 → Property tax = 225,000 × 0.