Western sculpture

Western Sculpture – 16 Marks (Complete Answer)

Western sculpture refers to the sculptural traditions that developed in Europe and the Mediterranean region, evolving through various historical periods. It reflects changing ideas of humanism, religion, realism, expression, and form. Western sculpture is closely linked with architecture, philosophy, and cultural transformations.

1. Prehistoric Sculpture (Before 3000 BCE)

  • Early Western sculpture focused on fertility, magic, and survival.
  • Made
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Indian sculpture

Indian Sculpture – 16 Marks (Detailed Answer)

Indian sculpture is one of the world’s oldest artistic traditions, reflecting the subcontinent’s religion, philosophy, culture, and evolving political history. From the prehistoric period to the modern era, sculpture in India shows a remarkable transformation in material, style, iconography, and symbolism.

1. Prehistoric Sculpture

  • The earliest examples come from the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2500 BCE).
  • Materials: terracotta, stone, bronze.
...

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Chinese civilization

Chinese Civilization – 16 Marks

The Chinese Civilization, one of the world’s oldest continuous cultures, developed along the Huang He (Yellow River) around c. 2000 BCE. Known for its dynastic rule, philosophical systems, architectural achievements, writing system, and technological innovations, it has contributed greatly to world heritage.

1. Geographical Setting

  • Originated in the fertile Yellow River Valley.
  • Expanded to the Yangtze River region.
  • Natural barriers like Himalayas, Gobi Desert,
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Biomateriais

Objetivos: reações de ácido-base, escala de pH, preparação do álcool em gel, utilização de polímeros no espessamento de amostras, diluição de soluções

Higienização das mãos ficou bastante popular após pandemia do covid-19 de 2020.

Porquê 70%: Mínimo para uma desinfeção eficaz. A água retarda a evaporação, aumentando a superfície de contacto e o tempo, Favorece a penetração do álcool na célula bacteriana, Provoca a desnaturação de proteínas e destruição da membrana

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Psicologia

T:1 PTO Estudio conducta en contexto laboral/organizacional → comprender + mejorar trabajo (productividad + bienestar). Orígenes / etiquetas: Psicología industrial (inicio s. XX), Taylorismo: organización científica del trabajo, Origen PI: EEUU = selección/motivación | Europa = productividad/fatiga, Hoy: EEUU I/O Psychology | UK industrial/ocupacional | Europa PTO Áreas: Psico del trabajo → trabajadores: conducta/experiencias del trabajo. Psico del personal / RRHH → empleados: relación

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Indus valley civilization

Indus Valley Civilization – Detailed 16-Mark Answer

Introduction

The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), also known as the Harappan Civilization, flourished from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE along the Indus River and its tributaries in present-day India and Pakistan. It is one of the world’s earliest urban civilizations, known for its scientific city planning, advanced drainage systems, standardized bricks, and organized socio-economic life.


1. Geographical Extent

  • Spread over 1.3 million sq. km — larger
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desisi

✅ 1. INTRODUCTION — Design, Société et Innovation

L’innovation est d’abord étudiée en économie (Schumpeter).

Elle vient de nouvelles combinaisons de production.

Elle crée de nouveaux besoins chez les consommateurs.

L’innovation transforme la société + les usages + les marchés.

👉 Le design est un outil clé pour rendre l’innovation utile et acceptable socialement.

✅ 2. DÉFINITION DE L’INNOVATION (OCDE – Manuel d’Oslo)

L’innovation =

Nouveau ou amélioré :

produit

...

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HOA architecture

Introduction

The evolution of human architecture begins in the prehistoric period, mainly divided into the Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Age) and the New Stone Age (Neolithic Age). These phases show the transformation of human lifestyle from nomadic hunter-gatherers to settled agricultural communities, and this shift directly influenced the development of architecture, materials, tools, and settlement planning.


1. OLD STONE AGE (PALEOLITHIC AGE)

Period: c. 2 million BCE – 10,000 BCE
Lifestyle:...

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History architecture

# **Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan Civilization)**

**(c. 2600 BCE – 1900 BCE)**

The Indus Valley Civilization is one of the world’s earliest and most advanced urban civilizations. It developed along the Indus River and its tributaries in present-day India and Pakistan. Architecturally, it is known for **scientific town planning, standardized construction, and advanced civic infrastructure**.

## **1. Geographical Extent**

* Spread across **North-Western India and Pakistan**
* Major river...

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