Characteristics of Soft Computing:-1.Biological Inspiration:-Soft computing often draws inspiration from natural processes, such as the human brain (neural networks) and evolution (genetic algorithms).2.Human Expertise:-It can incorporate human knowledge and expertise in the form of fuzzy rules or initial model structures.3.Model-Free Learning:-Many soft computing methods, like neural networks, can build models directly from data without requiring explicit mathematical formulations.4.Fault Tolerance:
1. P&G – “THE LOOK” This campaign is NOT trying to sell a product. It’s trying to change how people think and feel. That means it fits under institutional advertising, advocacy advertising, and cause marketing. It deals with brand image, emotion-based positioning, and public relations, even though it's structured like a paid ad. What makes this ad powerful is that it uses emotional appeal (especially empathy and discomfort) to engage viewers. It doesn’t have a slogan or price tag
Journaling Motiv8on – fsck ensures metadata consistency after crashes but is slow & requires deep file system knowledge. Recovery time should ideally depend on d # of recent writes. File System Transactions – Transactions provide ACID guarantees: A2micity, Consistency, Isol8on, Durability. Used 2 treat file system ops (like file cre8on) as transactions. Recovery ensures committed transactions R applied & uncommitted 1s R discarded. ext3 Overview – A journaling file system using physical
...a) Social Responsibilities of Companies:Meaning:Social responsibility refers to the obligation of companies to act in ways that benefit society while conducting business operations. It involves going beyond profit-making to consider the welfare of employees, customers, society, and the environment.Key Aspects of Social Responsibility:1.Towards Shareholders:Ensure fair returns on investment, transparent disclosure, and good governance.2.Towards Employees:Provide fair wages, job security, safe working
1. State Legislatures: Vidhan Sabha & Vidhan Parishad
India's state legislatures can be unicameral (only Vidhan Sabha) or bicameral (Vidhan Sabha & Vidhan Parishad). Their structure and functions are outlined in Articles 168-212 of the Constitution.
Composition & Strength
Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly): Directly elected members from territorial constituencies. Strength varies from 60 to 500, with exceptions for smaller states.
Vidhan Parishad (Legislative Council): A permanent
Here are the answers for the 7 questions, 2 marks each, totaling 14 marks:
To convert Ethernet MAC to EUI-64:
Definition of Software: Software is a set of instructions, data, or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks. It is the intangible component of computers, as opposed to hardware.
Types of Software:
Software Myths:
12
public abstract String toString();
}
private ArrayList<String> courses;
public Undergraduate(String name, int id, int graduationYear) {
super(name, id);
this.graduationYear = graduationYear;
this.courses = new ArrayList<>();
}
public void displayStudentLevel() {
System.out.println(name + " is an undergraduate student.");
}
public void registerCourses() {
Random...
Economic Profit: Economic profit = Revenue - Explicit Costs - Implicit Costs
Example: A firm earns $500,000 in revenue, explicit costs of $300,000, & implicit costs of $50,000.
Economic Profit = 500,000 - 300,000 - 50,000 = 150,000 (positive economic profit).
Present Value (PV): PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
Where: FV = Future Value
r = Interest rate
n = Number of periods
Example: If U expect $1,000 in 3 years