Inleiding: Wat zijn exogene processen? Exogene processen zijn krachten die inwerken op het buitenoppervlak van de aarde. Ze zorgen voor de afbraak, het transport en de afzetting van gesteentemateriaal. De twee hoofdcategorieën zijn verwering en erosie. --- 1. Verwering Verwering is het natuurlijke proces waarbij onbeschut gesteente verandert onder invloed van fysische, chemische of biologische processen. Belangrijk onderscheid met erosie: ·•Bij verwering speelt verplaatsing een minder essentiële
●●●Endocrine system
It is the collection of glands that
produces hormones that regulate many physiological functions in body such as growth, metabolism and sexual functions etc..
Glands → These are specialized organs or tissues that produce and secrete substances such as hormones, enzymes, or other body fluids, which regulates various bodily functions.
It is of two types
Exocrine glands → These are those glands which release substances through a duct or canal to the desired location.
●●●Reproductive System is one of the most important systems in the human body which involves the process of producing a new individual or an offspring identical to the parents.
It involves the process of reproduction which involves the formation and transfer of gametes, fertilization, formation of zygote & embryogenesis
Process Flowchart
●Male → Gametogenesis (Spermatogenesis) → Sperm
●Female → Gametogenesis (Ovulation) Ovum
●Sperm + Ovum (Fusion of sperm & ovum) → Fertilization
11.2 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS The growth of large corporations with their professional managers has changed the nature of society through its effect on competitive forces and the ownership of private property. With the increase of power in society, they are forced to concern themselves with the nature of social responsibilities. Management must take decisions involving moral issues and must adapt itself to the social forces that affect it. The idea of social responsibility of business
...The invasions of **Mahmud of Ghazni** and **Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad Ghori (Muhammad Ghori)** between the 11th and 12th centuries marked a watershed moment in Indian history. Though both invaders hailed from the rugged mountains of modern-day Afghanistan, their strategic objectives, methods, and long-term impacts on the Indian subcontinent were fundamentally different.
## ⚔️ Comparative Overview of Invasions
Mahmud of Ghazni (1000–1027 CE) ──► Focus: Plunder, Wealth, & Iconoclasm (
The Imperial Cholas (c. 850–1279 CE), revitalized by Vijayalaya and brought to an imperial zenith by **Rajaraja I** and his son **Rajendra I**, established one of the most sophisticated administrative systems in pre-modern Indian history.
Their statecraft successfully balanced a highly centralized, powerful monarchy with an unparalleled degree of autonomous, democratic **local self-government** at the grassroots level.
## 👑 1. Central Administration & Policy
At the macro level, the Chola state
* **Ajatashatru (c. 492–460 BCE):** Bimbisara's fiercely ambitious son who seized the throne by imprisoning his father. He pursued aggressive expansion, waging a brutal, 16-year war against the Vajji confederacy (Vaishali). He succeeded by deploying new military inventions: the *Mahashilakantaka* (a large catapult for hurling massive boulders) and the *Rathamusala* (a chariot armed with spinning blades).
### **The Shishunaga Dynasty: Eliminating the Main Rival**
Founded by Shishunaga, a former
CONTROLE DE CONSTITUCIONALIDADE
É o mecanismo destinado a verificar se leis e atos normativos são compatíveis com a Constituição. Baseia-se na supremacia constitucional. Pode ser preventivo (antes da norma entrar em vigor) ou repressivo (após sua vigência).
CONTROLE DIFUSO
É realizado por qualquer juiz ou tribunal durante um caso concreto. A questão constitucional é discutida de forma incidental. Os efeitos da decisão, em regra, atingem apenas as partes do processo. Pode chegar ao Supremo
**The Harappan Civilization (Indus Valley Civilization)**
### **1. Introduction**
* **Nomenclature & Timeline:** Named after Harappa, the first site discovered in 1921 by Daya Ram Sahni. It belongs to the **Bronze Age** of proto-history and is broadly divided into three phases, with the **Mature Phase** thriving between **2600 BCE and 1900 BCE**.
* **Geographical Extent:** It was the largest of the four ancient urban civilizations (Egypt, Mesopotamia, China), covering over 1 million square