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​Pisma-dokumenty o określonej nazwie które dok. fakty lub zdarzenia. np.: protokoły, sprawozdania, not. służbowe, zaświadczenia, upoważnienia.

​ZASADY: nadawca w lewym górnym, miejscowość+data w prawym, tytuł na środku, treść w układzie blok., podpis po praw[ej].

​PROTOKÓŁ – dok. stwierdzający stan faktyczny lub przebieg czynności.

BUDOWA: wstęp (tytuł, data, miejsce, skład osób), część zasadnicza (opis przebiegu, wyniki), koniec (podpisy).

​SPRAWOZDANIE – relacja

Ατμοσφαιρική ρύπανση

Η απαρχή της ατμοσφαιρικής ρύπανσης που οφείλεται στην ανθρώπινη δραστηριότητα έγινε από τότε που ο άνθρωπος των σπηλαίων ανακάλυψε τη φωτιά. Η συστηματική όμως επιβάρυνση της ατμόσφαιρας ξεκίνησε κατά τη Βιομηχανική Επανάσταση με την εντατική καύση

1) SONAR ( Sound Navigation and Ranging):

It is possible to determine the presence of submerged submarines or an enemy aircraft by a system known as SONAR. Sonar is a device which stands for Sound Navigation and Ranging. Because of the properties of ultrasonic wave, Depth of the sea and any obstacles can be identified with the help of SONAR.

- In this system, Transmitter of SONAR will transmit the ultrasonic rays in various directions into the sea. These rays will get reflected back when it gets

Explain the concept of polarisation in dielectrics. Illustrate and discuss the different types with
diagrams and formulas.The Concept of Polarisation

In a dielectric material, polarization is defined as the process of creating or inducing electric dipoles using an external electric field.

When an external electric field is applied, it interacts with the dielectric in two primary ways:

 1 Distortion: The field distorts the internal charge distribution, producing an induced dipole moment in each molecule.

Module 1: The Foundations of Business Research

Meaning & Managerial Value

Business research is the systematic and objective process of gathering, recording, and analyzing data to aid in making business decisions. Its primary managerial value is risk reduction. Instead of relying on gut feeling to decide whether to stock a new line of heavy-duty machinery or open a new service center, managers use research to make informed, data-driven choices.

Types of Business Research

• Applied Research: Done

1-Mark Questions

1. ​Define Allotropy: The property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms in the same physical state is called allotropy. These forms are called allotropes.
2. ​Name the allotropes of phosphorus: The common allotropes are White phosphorus, Red phosphorus, and Black phosphorus.
3. ​What is a catalyst? A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
4. ​Application of heterogeneous catalysis:

Juridik 

1. I vanlig hemförsäkring kan det finnas ett särskilt skydd som kallas överfallsskydd, som ska täcka skador som uppstår vid brottsliga handlingar. Till exempel misshandel, rån eller hotfulla situationer. Skyddet är en form av försäkring för personskada, vilket betyder att det kan täcka både fysiskt och psykiskt skada som drabbar den försäkrade. Om någon exempelvis utsätts för ett överfall och behöver sjukvård, kan försäkringsbolaget ersätta kostnader för behandling,