This is a great request covering two fundamental areas of digital communications and computing!
1. Error Detecting and Correcting Codes
Error control codes are essential for ensuring data integrity during transmission or storage by adding redundancy (extra bits) to the original data.
A. Error Detection Codes
These codes can only signal that an error has occurred but cannot determine the location of the error to fix it.
| Code | Principle | Capability |
|---|---|---|
| Parity Check (Simplest) | An extra
🔢 Understanding Number Systems: Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal
Number systems are fundamental to computing and digital electronics. They are essentially methods for representing numbers using a specific set of symbols (digits). The key concept differentiating them is the base or radix, which is the total number of unique digits available in that system.
Here's a breakdown of the most common systems:
1. Decimal (Base-10)
This is the number system we use every day.
* Base (Radix): 10
* Digits Used:
Arbitrary Code Execution (ACE): vulnerability where an attacker supplies input to a program in such a way that the CPU interprets that input as executable instructions and runs it,(CPU cannot distinguish between Legitimate program code or Malicious injected code), once ACE happens,the attacker controls instruction flow,Security boundaries are effectively gone,The system executes whatever the attacker wants. BO(buffer overflow) All BO result in ACE, BO method of achieving ACE. BO:occurs when a...
Human Resources: Total manpower: Top/Middle/Lower; Living, dynamic, skill-upgradable resource
HRM – Definition: Strategic & coherent management of people to achieve goals
Need for HRM: Learning & adaptability; Organisational culture; Innovation & growth
Purpose of HRM: Survival & stability; Quality services; Competitive advantage
HRM Planning: Strategic: policy, professionalism, ICT, culture; Operational: recruitment, placement, training
Performance...
Commercialisation of agriculture refers to the process by which agricultural production is increasingly oriented towards the **market rather than subsistence**. Under this system, crops are grown mainly for **sale and profit**, not just for local consumption. In India, commercialisation of agriculture began in a limited way in the late eighteenth century but expanded rapidly during the **British colonial period**, especially between **1800 and 1857**.
Before British rule, Indian agriculture was...
1. Leg uit hoe aarde begon van begin tot de bouw van concentrische cirkels
Ongeveer 4,6 miljard jaar geleden ontstond de aarde uit een verdichtende gas- en stofwolk. De jonge aarde was volledig heet en vloeibaar waardoor de zware metalen naar het centrum zonken en de lichtere stoffen bovenaan bleven drijven. Door deze scheiding ontstond de concentrische opbouw van de aarde met een lichte vaste korst, daaronder de mantel waarvan de asthenosfeer taai-vloeibaar is, en nog dieper de vloeibare buitenkern
Frontier + wilderness vibe; tracking / ambush / pursuit, survival tension. Native characters + “tribe” identity (Mohicans/Delawares etc.) and colonial war background (French & Indian War atmosphere).
The document’s own “spot it” cues: Hawkeye/Natty Bumppo, Chingachgook, Uncas, and the frontier conflict between “civilization” and wilderness.Romantic adventure narration, descriptive landscape, moral polarization (honor/treachery)
Topic: Screens, Systems, and Safety: Understanding Multimedia, AI, and Online Privacy
Definition: Combines text, images, audio, video, and animations to communicate information.
Example: YouTube videos, movies.
Pros:
Improves understanding of complex topics.
Shares information quickly worldwide.
Boosts creativity and communication skills.
Cons:
Can spread misinformation.
Too