notes

1. Composition of Indian Parliament
The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the Union. It consists of three parts: the President, the Lok Sabha (House of the People), and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). This structure is provided under Article 79 of the Constitution. Though the President is not a member of either House, no bill can become law without his or her assent.
The Lok Sabha represents the people directly. Its members are elected by the citizens of India through
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ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING MID 2

Explain Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS).

Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) is a powder-based Additive Manufacturing process used for direct metal deposition. It operates using a high-power laser and metal powder feed system. In this process, a focused laser beam creates a molten pool on a metallic substrate. Simultaneously, metal powder is delivered through a nozzle into the melt pool. The injected powder melts instantly and solidifies upon cooling, forming a metallurgically bonded layer.

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ADVANCED CAD MID-2

1. Explain Bezier Surface.

Answer: A Bezier surface is a parametric surface used in computer-aided design for modeling smooth and curved shapes. It is an extension of the Bezier curve into two parameters, generally represented by u and v. A Bezier surface is defined by a grid of control points that influence the shape of the surface. The surface does not necessarily pass through all control points, but its shape is controlled by them.

Bezier surfaces use Bernstein polynomials for mathematical representation.

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Ssssss

Adding many cells=SUM

Adding 2 cells=+ or -

Finding typical value= AVERAGE

Finding true middle=MEDIAN

Finding smallest=MIN

Finding largest=MAX

Counting numbers=COUNT

Counting text or anything=COUNTA

Applying rule/condition=IF

Calculating loan payment=PMT

Summarizing multiple sheets=3D SUM

Testing different scenarios=Goal Seek / Data Table

Multiplying by fixed %=Absolute reference ($)

1. Mathematical & Statistical Functions (from Lesson 2 & 4)

These are the workhorses of Excel for basic

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awfesreb

Pakistan's Spare and Nuclear Prosham

a What are function of Rockets Ans Function of Rockets.

In the third stage There is Passload take Place of instrument er of men and instrict Into Space The PayLoad carried may be a mab-made, Satellite design to orbit the earth of a Probe carrying instrument to Explore space of a spare craft with astranhauts heading to carry research ora Other Planets:

Q2 What are satellite, write down the function of satellite

Ans: Satellite

Artificial satellite are man made

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• Search Problem components:
• State Space: all possible configurations.
• Initial State: starting configuration.
• Successor Function (Actions): allowed transitions between states.
• Goal Test: checks if state satisfies objective.
• Optional Cost Function: cost per action.
• Optional Heuristic Function: estimate to guide search.
• Solution: sequence of actions transforming initial state to goal state.
• State Space Graph: vertices = states, edges = transitions; each state

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endurance

 Claims & Payments
  • Customer Out-of-Pocket: Total Amount Due – (Deductible + LLW AVA Remainder Amount).
  • Deductible: Always collected by the Repair Facility.
  • Next Payment: Found under the Claim/Policy Review tab.
  • Inspection Costs: Endurance pays for these.
  • Labor Rates: Always use National Labor Time Guides.
 Handling Denials (Scripts)
  • Pre-Existing/Wait Period: "The nature of the failure indicates a longer-term condition that would not first occur in the short time since the waiting
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Communication system

Information Source
It generates the message or information to be transmitted.
The message may be voice, image, video, text, or data.
Example: Human voice in mobile communication.
2️⃣ Transmitter
The transmitter converts the message signal into a suitable electrical signal for transmission.
Functions of transmitter:
Amplification
Modulation
Encoding
It prepares the signal for long-distance transmission.
3️⃣ Channel
The channel is the medium through which the signal travels from transmitter to receiver.

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Bus3008

Chapter 1: Introduction to Global Marketing

Key Concepts & Details:

  • We live in a global marketplace (e.g., Apple iPhones, McDonald’s, Samsung HDTVs everywhere) but also local markets (e.g., top smartphones in China are domestic: Huawei, Vivo, Oppo, Xiaomi — not Samsung/Apple).
  • Companies go global for survival — competitors enter home markets with lower costs, experience, better products.
  • Product/Market Growth Matrix (Ansoff) for global expansion:
    • Market Penetration → Increase sales
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