Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the branch of computer science that develops machines capable of performing tasks that normally require human intelligence.
An Intelligent Agent is an entity that perceives its environment through sensors and acts upon it using actuators to achieve goals.
A Problem-Solving Agent is an intelligent agent that finds a sequence of actions to reach a goal from an initial state.
10.Discuss Basic Probability Notation with Suitable Example
Probability is the branch of mathematics that deals with the likelihood of occurrence of an event. The probability of an event ranges from 0 to 1, where:
Probability is widely used in Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Statistics, Data Science, and Decision Making.
Basic Probability Notations
The sample space is the set of all possible outcomes
5.EXPLAIN FORWARD CHAING AND BACKWARD CHAING WITH EXAMPLE?
Forward Chaining is a data-driven inference technique used in Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems. It starts with the known facts (initial data) and repeatedly applies inference rules to derive new facts until the desired goal is reached or no more rules can be applied.
It is called data-driven because the reasoning process begins with the available data and moves forward toward a conclusion.
Algorithm;
Start with the known facts
4.DEFINE CONSTRAINT SATISFACTION PROBLEM CSPS AND EXPLAN THEIR COMPONETS WITH EXAMPLE
A Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is a problem in Artificial Intelligence where the objective is to assign values to a set of variables such that all specified constraints are satisfied. CSPs are commonly used in planning, scheduling, resource allocation, map coloring, and puzzle-solving applications.
A CSP is represented as a triple:
CSP=(X,D,C)
where:
X = Set of variables
D = Domain of values for
1.EXPLAIN BREADTH FIRST SEARCH(BFS) AND DEPTH FIRST SEARCH (DFS) ALGORITHM WHIT EXAMPLE?
Breadth First Search (BFS) is a graph traversal algorithm that visits all the vertices level by level. It starts from a source vertex and explores all its neighboring vertices before moving to the next level. BFS uses a Queue (FIFO) data structure.
Algorithm
1.Start from the source vertex.
2.Mark the source vertex as visited.
3.Insert the source vertex into a queue.
4.Repeat until the queue becomes empty:
MODULE 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF HRM
1. Human Resource Management (HRM) HRM is the process of planning, recruiting, selecting, training, developing, motivating and maintaining employees so that organizational goals are achieved. Definition (easy) HRM is the management of people at work to improve both employee satisfaction and organizational performance. 2. Functions of HRM ◉Human Resource Planning ◉Recruitment ◉Selection ◉Training & Development ◉Performance Appraisal ◉Compensation (Salary
Application of psychology to the legal and criminal justice system.
Applied psychology
Scientific
Interdisciplinary
Objective
Law-oriented
Police investigation
Courts
Prisons
Criminal profiling
Child custody
Victim counselling
Juvenile justice
Rehabilitation
Psychological assessment
Criminal profiling
Risk assessment
Expert witness
Court evaluation
Victim counselling
#)*NAXAL MOVEMENTS IN INDIA
Meaning and Origin*
### *1. Meaning of Naxal Movement*
*Naxalism* is the name given to Left Wing Extremism (LWE) in India. It is an armed revolutionary movement based on Maoist ideology. The core belief is taken from Mao Zedong: “Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun.”
*Key Features*:
1. *Ideology*: Believes in overthrowing the Indian state through protracted people’s war. Rejects parliamentary democracy as “bourgeois democracy.”
Question:
Define the various properties of Alpha (α), Beta (β), and Gamma (γ) radiations. Discuss the various precautions during handling and storage of Radiopharmaceuticals.
Answer
Definition:
Radiations are high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves emitted from radioactive substances during radioactive decay. The three main types are Alpha (α), Beta (β), and Gamma (γ) radiations.
Properties of Alpha (α) Radiations
(.) Consist of helium nuclei (2 protons + 2 neutrons).
(.) Carry a +