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Here are concise, structured notes for the eight Human Resource Management (HRM) topics listed in your image. These are designed to be clear and ready for an academic paper or exam.
1. Social Approach to HRM
The social approach views an organization as a complex social system. It focuses on the fact that employees are not just economic resources but individuals with social needs and psychological drivers.
 * Focus: It emphasizes group dynamics, employee relationships, and workplace culture.
 * Human...

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bio 2026 NEW

I. Identifying DNA as the Hereditary Material

-Mendel: Hypothesized the existence of "hereditary molecules" (genes) that pass information through generations via his pea plant experiments.

-Miescher: First to isolate DNA (which he called "nuclein") from the nuclei of white blood cells found in pus.

-Hammerling: Used green algae to show that the nucleus contains the genetic information responsible for regeneration.

-Griffith: Discovered the "transforming principle" while working with Strep bacteria

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Patho 2 Mark's

Asthama. Asthama is defined as Chronic Inflammatory Disease of downgs that makes the airway narrow swell e ultimately leads to shortness of breath chest pain cough. apsara Causes Air Pollution, Smoking Weather Changs., Exposure to cold air Anxiety, Stress, Dust etc.. Symptoms: Shortness of breath. Chest Pain, wheezing. Coughing. Anxiety, Pale, Sweatness

Parkinson's Disease. It is named on British Physician Dr. James Parkinson It is a chronic and progressive neurologic disorder characterized by loss

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Pathophysiology

FEEDBACK SYSTEM.When there are some changes takes place in the internal environment of body then body's feedback system works to take it back into the normal / equillibrium condition.A feedback system includes three basic components1.Receptor 2.Control Centre 3.Effector 1.Receptor. A receptor is a body structure that monitors / detects changes in the internal environment of body. 2.Control Centre.A control centre in the body is receive the input from the receptors and generates output in the form

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Mc -I

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN RELATION TO BIOLOGICAL ACTION Physicochemical Properties refers to physical and chemical characteristics of a drug ig molecule that influence its behaviour in biological systems. These properties plays a crucial role in determining the drug's absoophon, distribution, metabolism and excrehon. It includes: 1.Ionisahon 2.Solubility 3.Partition Coefficient 4.Hydrogen Bonding 5.Protein Binding 6.Chelation 7.Bibisostenism 8.Opticale Geometrical Isomerism. 1.IONISATION Ionisation

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Cloud

Cloud computing is a technology that allows users to store, manage, and process data over the internet instead of using local computers or physical servers.

Key points:
 • Provides on-demand access to computing resources
 • Reduces the need for expensive hardware
 • Users pay only for what they use
 • Data can be accessed from anywhere with internet

Types of cloud services:
 • IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Virtual machines, storage
 • PaaS (Platform as a Service): Development platforms
 •

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Data science

Data science is the field that uses data to find insights, patterns, and solutions that help people and organizations make better decisions.
In simple terms
👉 Data science turns raw data into useful information.
What data scientists do
They work with data to:
 • Collect and clean data (remove errors, missing values)
 • Analyze data to find patterns and trends
 • Build models that can predict outcomes
 • Communicate results using charts, reports, or dashboards
Key parts of data science
 1.

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cheating boss

scene 1

secretary:hello miss how can i help u

saly: so youre his secretary hmmm anyways i would like to meet james where is he

secretary: sorry maam im afraid i cant help u with that he is in a not to be disturbed meeting" but i can schedule a meeting for u tomorrows afternoon if you want

sally: seriously!? you must be new here dont u know who i am... im his wife oh my god this is ridiculous !!!!

secretary: my apologies miss i will try to reach him (takes the fix and call the boss)- hello mr james

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Hall effect is the phenomenon in which a transverse electric field (and hence a potential difference called Hall voltage) is developed across a current-carrying conductor or semiconductor when it is placed in a magnetic field perpendicular to the dir

Hall effect is the phenomenon in which a transverse electric field (and hence a potential difference called Hall voltage) is developed across a current-carrying conductor or semiconductor when it is placed in a magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of current.

Hall Field

The Hall field EH⃗\vec{E_H}EH​​ is the electric field produced across the width of the conductor due to charge separation caused by the magnetic force on moving charge carriers.
It acts perpendicular to both the current

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