🔹 AGENTE: Clostridium tetani
Bacilo Gram (+)
Anaerobio estricto
Esporas (forma de palillo de tambor)
Vive en suelo y en intestino de animales
🔹 TOXINA
Tetanospasmina → neurotoxina potente
Afecta nervios motores → médula espinal
Causa espasmos, rigidez y contracciones tónicas
Ascendente: por nervios
Descendente: por sangre al SNC
🔹 PERIODO INCUBACIÓN: 10–14 días (varía entre 1-3 semanas)
🔹 SIGNOS CLÍNICOS
Rigidez inicial: mandíbula (maseteros), cuello, extremidades
Espasmos,
What is Information Security? Information security means protecting data from stealing, changing, destroying, disclosing, or denying access. It has traditionally relied on physical measures (like locked cabinets) and administrative controls (such as personnel screening). Even today, some reliance on physical security remains. Modern Information Security Needs: Due to increased computer use, automated tools are now needed to protect stored information. As network use grows, it has become essential...
Register Transfer Language (RTL) is a symbolic notation used to describe the micro-operations in digital systems, specifically those involving registers and data movement. It provides a way to express the transfer of data between registers, along with the control conditions that trigger those transfers.
RTL uses arrow notation to represent transfer. For example, the statement R1 ← R2 indicates that the content of register R2 is transferred to register R1. RTL statements are generally governed
What is the importance of Garbage collection in .NET framework? Explain .NET Framework architecture with suitable diagram.
==>Garbage Collection (GC) is an automatic memory management feature in the .NET Framework that plays a crucial role in improving application performance and memory efficiency. Here's why it is important: 1. Automatic Memory Management //2. Improved Application Performance // 3. Object Lifetime Tracking // 4. Prevents Memory Leaks //🔹 5. Efficient Memory Usage
The .NET
A negatively charged subatomic particle discovered by J.J. Thomson using cathode ray experiments.
It is found outside the nucleus and has negligible mass.
A positively charged particle discovered by Goldstein.
It is located inside the nucleus and defines the atomic number of an element.
A neutral subatomic particle discovered by James Chadwick.
It resides in the nucleus and adds to the mass of the atom.
The number of protons in the nucleus...
Pathways: MAPK: promotes cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, survival, and resistance to apoptosis: Raf->Ras->MKK->ERK->RSK->RSK (in nucleus)->CREB
BRCA1: Repairing double-strand DNA breaks through homologous recombination, controlling cell cycle checkpoints, and helping prevent harmful mutations from accumulating.
Capsases: enzymes that destroy the cell (key role in apoptosis): initiator procaspases aggregate->activate each other->initiates cytochrome-c to release
...Metallurgical sample preparation for microscopy is a crucial step in analyzing the microstructure and
properties of metallic materials. Proper sample preparation is essential to obtain accurate and
meaningful results. The process involves several steps:
1. Selection of the Sample: Choose a representative portion of the material to be analyzed.
Ensure that the sample is free from external contaminants and has a flat surface for
preparation.
2. Cutting: Use a precision cutting method to obtain a small...
Contention 2: Low Cost
Biotechnology is generally more affordable than CCS.
For example, biochar, a carbon-rich substance from plant matter, costs only $80 when absorbing one tonne of CO₂. Its low cost comes from low energy requirements and technological maturity.
In contrast, Direct Air Capture (DAC), a leading CCS method, costs up to $600 per tonne—7.5 times more expensive.
On top of that, we are expecting a full price drop of biotech because:
Maturing Technology
As technology matures
1. What is e-commerce?
E-commerce is the process of buying and selling products or services online. It allows people to shop using websites or apps. Customers can purchase items anytime and from anywhere. It saves time, provides more choices, and is widely used in businesses today.
2. Define EDI.
EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) is the electronic exchange of business documents between companies. It replaces paper-based methods and helps send invoices, purchase orders, etc., quickly and securely....