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Cross-Flow Microfiltration and Dead-End Microfiltration

Microfiltration is a membrane separation process used to remove suspended particles, bacteria, and other impurities from liquids using a membrane with very small pores (generally 0.1–10 µm). Two common modes of microfiltration are cross-flow microfiltration and dead-end microfiltration.

1. Cross-Flow Microfiltration

Cross-flow microfiltration is a membrane filtration process in which the feed solution flows parallel (tangential) to the membrane

BETA- LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS

B-lactam is a cyclic amide with four atoms (3-cf 1-N) in its ring named as st..

B- lactam antibioties are a class of antibioticswhich contain a R-lactam ring and mainly give their action by

Synthesis of bacteria eg • Penicillin innibiting the cell wall (bacteriocidal) f its derivathes (pewams) Cephalosporins f its derivatives (cephems)

Classification ● Penicillins

Natural - Penicillin a - Penicillin V Semi-Synthutic Amozicillin - - Amplillin - Oxacillin Cloxar Methic

Nutraceuticals General aspects

Market, growth, scope and (types of

products available in the narket. Health benefits and (role) of Nutraceuticals in ailments like Diabetes, CVS diseases, Cancer, Irritable bowel syndrome and various Gastro Intestinal diseases. Study of following

herbs as health food: Alfaalfa, Chicory, Ginger. Fenugrek Garlic, Honey, Amla, Ginseng. Ashwagandna, Spirulina

Nutraceuticals:-

It is difined as a food or part  of food That provide medical Health benefits. including the

1.pojęcie integracja integracja nawiązywanie współpracy w celu osiągnięciu osiągnięcia pewnych korzyści mimo dzielących nas różnic.

2.trzy instytucje integracji europejskiej przez powstaniem Unii Europejskiej UE

-Unia Zachodnia(1984)

Unia Zachodnia (UZ) była sojuszem obronnym i politycznym powołanym w 1948 roku, który położył fundamenty pod europejską współpracę militarną i późniejsze struktury bezpieczeństwa.

-Europejska organizacja Współpracy Gospodarczej (1948)

 w

1.Write a program to Toast Hello World 

package com.example.pgm1;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

Button but;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

but = findViewById(R.id.button);

but.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(

. Discuss the Key Principles of Six Sigma
The key principles of Six Sigma focus on improving quality and reducing defects in processes. The important principles include:
Customer Focus – The main objective of Six Sigma is to satisfy customer needs and improve customer satisfaction by delivering high-quality products and services.
Data-Driven Decision Making – Decisions are made based on data and statistical analysis rather than assumptions.
Process Improvement – Continuous improvement of processes

1. Methodology of teaching foreign languages as a science: its object, subject, and main functions.
Methodology of Teaching Foreign Languages (MTFL) is a branch of pedagogical science that studies the aims, content, methods, principles, and techniques of teaching foreign languages. Its main goal is to develop learners’ communicative competence and ensure effective acquisition of a foreign language.
MTFL examines both what should be taught (the content of instruction such as vocabulary, grammar,

# History of Mobile Devices
1973: First mobile phone call (Martin Cooper, Motorola).
1983: First commercial mobile phone – Motorola DynaTAC.
1990s: Feature phones with SMS, basic games (Snake on Nokia).
2000s: Introduction of smartphones (BlackBerry, Windows Mobile).
2007: Apple iPhone revolutionized touchscreen devices.
2010s: Android dominates the market; apps ecosystem grows.
2020s: Foldable phones, 5G devices, AI integration, IoT connectivity.

# History of Android (Short Version)
2003 – Android