Chinese civilization

Chinese Civilization – 16 Marks

The Chinese Civilization, one of the world’s oldest continuous cultures, developed along the Huang He (Yellow River) around c. 2000 BCE. Known for its dynastic rule, philosophical systems, architectural achievements, writing system, and technological innovations, it has contributed greatly to world heritage.

1. Geographical Setting

  • Originated in the fertile Yellow River Valley.
  • Expanded to the Yangtze River region.
  • Natural barriers like Himalayas, Gobi Desert,
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Psicologia

T:1 PTO Estudio conducta en contexto laboral/organizacional → comprender + mejorar trabajo (productividad + bienestar). Orígenes / etiquetas: Psicología industrial (inicio s. XX), Taylorismo: organización científica del trabajo, Origen PI: EEUU = selección/motivación | Europa = productividad/fatiga, Hoy: EEUU I/O Psychology | UK industrial/ocupacional | Europa PTO Áreas: Psico del trabajo → trabajadores: conducta/experiencias del trabajo. Psico del personal / RRHH → empleados: relación

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Indus valley civilization

Indus Valley Civilization – Detailed 16-Mark Answer

Introduction

The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), also known as the Harappan Civilization, flourished from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE along the Indus River and its tributaries in present-day India and Pakistan. It is one of the world’s earliest urban civilizations, known for its scientific city planning, advanced drainage systems, standardized bricks, and organized socio-economic life.


1. Geographical Extent

  • Spread over 1.3 million sq. km — larger
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HOA architecture

Introduction

The evolution of human architecture begins in the prehistoric period, mainly divided into the Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Age) and the New Stone Age (Neolithic Age). These phases show the transformation of human lifestyle from nomadic hunter-gatherers to settled agricultural communities, and this shift directly influenced the development of architecture, materials, tools, and settlement planning.


1. OLD STONE AGE (PALEOLITHIC AGE)

Period: c. 2 million BCE – 10,000 BCE
Lifestyle:...

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History architecture

# **Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan Civilization)**

**(c. 2600 BCE – 1900 BCE)**

The Indus Valley Civilization is one of the world’s earliest and most advanced urban civilizations. It developed along the Indus River and its tributaries in present-day India and Pakistan. Architecturally, it is known for **scientific town planning, standardized construction, and advanced civic infrastructure**.

## **1. Geographical Extent**

* Spread across **North-Western India and Pakistan**
* Major river...

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Non-conventional 2

PART A – Section A Answers

i. Electrolyte is used in electric discharge machining.
👉 False

ii. Dielectric is used in EDM (Electric Discharge Machining) process.

iii. Full form of LASER:
👉 Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

iv. Full form of TPM:
👉 Total Productive Maintenance

v. For precise and narrow cutting which machining process is suitable?
👉 Laser Beam Machining (LBM)

vi. Non-conducting material can be machined in EDM.
👉 False

vii. Name any shielding gas used

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HAP -II

1.NERVOUS SYSTEM:- The nervous system is the most complex system of human body containing millions of nerve cells network.It is the major controlling and coordinating system of human body. It is the body's command centre The nervous system is the major controlling, regulatory and communicating system in the body. It is the centre of all the mental activities including thought, learning, memory. It is also responsible for maintaining homeostasis. Organisation/Classification of Nervous System NERVOUS

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Bshdhhfhhrjr

The Great Himalayas, also known as the Himadri, form the northernmost and loftiest range of the Himalayan mountain system. They are characterized by their immense height, continuity, and rugged terrain.
1. Structure of the Great Himalayas
The geological structure of the Himadri is a result of the ongoing collision between the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates.
 * Rock Composition: The core of the Great Himalayas is primarily composed of Archaean rocks like granite, gneiss, and schist. These crystalline

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EXAMSESSION

DM.COMPLICATIONS:Pathogenesis: Chronic hyperglycemia → AGEs, PKC activation, ↑ ROS, polyol pathway → endothelial dysfunction, basement membrane thickening, micro + macrovascular damage.Microvascular: Retinopathy: Non-proliferative (microaneurysms, hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, macular edema); Proliferative (neovascularization → vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment).Tx: glycemic/BP control, anti-VEGF, laser.Nephropathy: GBM thickening, mesangial expansion, Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules;

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