Depreciation is the gradual and permanent decrease in the value of a fixed asset due to wear and tear, usage, passage of time, or obsolescence. It is considered a revenue expenditure because it is charged to the Profit & Loss account annually.
Key Definitions:
ICAI: “Depreciation is the decrease in the value of an asset due to wear and tear, obsolescence, or efflux of time.”
Spicer & Pegler: “Depreciation is the measured
-Canada faces a major economic challenge in managing regional unemployment as older industries decline and many workers lack the skills needed for modern technology-driven jobs. However, this situation also creates opportunities: Canada can expand its technology and innovation sectors to generate new employment, and it can attract global investment and skilled workers as international competition for tech leadership grows.
-A company should shift to eco-friendly and sustainable products because
Accounting Concepts and Conventions
Accounting is called the language of business because it communicates financial information about an enterprise to its users. To ensure that financial statements are prepared in a meaningful, reliable, and uniform manner, accountants follow certain basic rules, assumptions, and principles known as Accounting Concepts and Conventions. They provide a framework for recording, classifying, and summarizing transactions so that accounts are understandable, comparable,...
Accounting is called the language of business. To ensure that financial statements are prepared in a meaningful and uniform manner, accountants follow certain basic rules, assumptions, and principles. These are known as Accounting Concepts and Conventions. They provide a framework within which accounts are prepared so that they become reliable, comparable, and understandable for users.
⭐ PART – I : ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS
Accounting concepts are basic assumptions...
Lesson 2: OOP & Linked Lists
Class = blueprint; Object = instance.
Attribute = variable in object; Method = function in class.
self refers to the object; init = constructor.
Example
class Car:
def __init__(self, make, model, year):
self.make=make; self.model=model; self.year=year
def info(self):
return f"{self.year} {self.make} {self.model}"
Collection of nodes storing data + next pointer.
Head = first node; last node’s next = None.
PRINCÍPIOS GERAIS DO DIP
Para Ferrer Correia, a segurança e a certeza jurídica são os valores predominantes do Direito Internacional Privado. Na esteira da segurança jurídica, Wengler elege em principio fundamental do DIP o da harmonia jurídica internacional.
(1) De acordo com o p rincipio da harmonia jurídica internacional o sistema jurídico (direito) aplicável ao caso concreto deve ser o mesmo aplicável para todos os Estados conexionados com a situação a regular. É certo que
Meaning of Income Tax
Income tax is a compulsory financial contribution that individuals and entities must pay to the government based on their annual earnings. The revenue generated is the main source of government funding and is used for nation-building activities such as infrastructure development, healthcare, education, and national defense.
Characteristics of Income Tax
Direct Tax: The burden of the tax falls directly on the person who earns the income and cannot be shifted to
Political development is an important concept in comparative politics that emerged strongly after World War II, especially during the process of decolonization. Newly independent nations needed to modernize their political institutions and build stable political systems. Therefore, scholars tried to define what “development” means in the political sense.
Among them, Lucian W. Pye is one of the most influential theorists....
Q2) Companies do not set a single price but a pricing structure. Explain.
A pricing structure means a company sets different prices for different segments, products, regions, seasons, channels or customer groups instead of one uniform price.
Reasons:
1. Market Segmentation: Different customers have different willingness to pay (students, premium buyers, rural/urban).
2. Product Line Pricing: Different versions of a product need different prices (basic, deluxe).
3. Geographical Pricing: Transport