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21) What is Machine Learning? How Does Machine Learning Work?

Machine learning (ML) is a subset of AI where systems learn from data to make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. It works by:

1.Data Input: Feeding data (e.g., numbers, images) into an algorithm.

2.Training: The algorithm identifies patterns and builds a model.

3.Validation/Testing: The model is tested on new data to ensure accuracy.

4.Deployment: The model makes predictions on real-world data, improving with

Aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs, algae and other aquatic plants. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater, brackish water and saltwater populations under controlled or semi-natural conditions,and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. Farming implies some sort of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as regular
stocking, feeding, protection from predators,

What is HRM? Explain the Nature and Scope of HRM” 

1. Introduction to HRM

Human Resource Management (HRM) is a strategic approach to the effective and efficient management of people in an organization so that they help the business gain a competitive advantage. It is concerned with hiring, developing, utilizing, and maintaining a satisfied workforce.

2. Definition of HRM

According to Edwin B. Flippo,

“HRM is the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the procurement, development,

1) What is Artificial Intelligence? Write the features of Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the field of computer science dedicated to creating intelligent agents, which are systems that can reason, learn, and act autonomously. Essentially, it's about making computers think and behave like humans.

Here are some key features of Artificial Intelligence:

• Learning: The ability to acquire information and rules for using the information. This includes memorizing specific instances

हिंदी साहित्य के आधुनिक काल का विस्तृत परिचय (8 अंक)
1. परिचय: हिंदी साहित्य का आधुनिक काल 20वीं सदी के आरंभ से शुरू होता है। यह काल सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक और राजनीतिक बदलावों का काल था। अंग्रेज़ों का

CS146 FINAL EXAM CHEAT SHEET (ONE PAGE)

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ASYMPTOTIC NOTATION (Growth Rates)
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O(f(n)) – Upper Bound (Worst Case)
Ω(f(n)) – Lower Bound (Best Case)
Θ(f(n)) – Tight Bound (Exact)

Growth Rate Hierarchy:
O(1) < O(log n) < O(n) < O(n log n) < O(n^2) < O(2^n) < O(n!)

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SORTING ALGORITHMS – TIME COMPLEXITIES
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Page 1: Employee Training and Training Needs Assessment

Employee Training – The Foundation of Workforce Excellence Employee training is the structured process by which organizations help their workforce acquire new skills or refine existing ones. The primary purpose is to bridge the gap between current competencies and the skills required to effectively perform in one’s role—a strategic investment that boosts productivity, innovation, and overall morale. In this context, training is not solely