Aller Comprendre Écrire Ouvrir Voir Avoir Connaître
vais comprends écris ouvre vois ai connais
vas comprends écris ouvres vois as connais
va comprend écrit ouvre voit a connaît
allons comprenons écrivons ouvrons voyons
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Concept |
Author(s) |
Exact / Course Definition |
Expanded Explanation |
Detailed Example (Exam-Ready) |
|
Panopticon |
Jeremy Bentham / Michel Foucault |
A design for a circular prison in which all inmates can be observed by a single guard without knowing when they are being watched. |
Concept illustrates visibility as a method of social control; the uncertainty produces self-regulation. |
CCTV in public spaces makes people behave as though they are constantly monitored. |
|
Panopticism |
A Flip-Flop is a basic sequential circuit used to store one bit of data (0 or 1). Unlike combinational circuits, the output of a flip-flop depends on:
• Present input • Previous output (memory) • Clock signal
Flip-flops are the building blocks of registers, counters, and memory units.
1. RS (Set-Reset) Flip-Flop:- RS flip-flop has two inputs: • S(Set) •R(Reset)
Working:- S = 1 → Output is set to 1
R = 1 → Output is reset to 0
S = R = 0 → No change
S = R = 1 → Invalid
The vi editor is a powerful and commonly used text editor in Linux and Unix systems. It is mainly used to create, edit, and manage text files such as configuration files, shell scripts, and program source code. vi works in different modes, which makes it efficient but slightly difficult for beginners.
1. Modes of vi Editor:- vi editor works in three main modes:
(a) Command Mode:- • Default mode when vi starts.
• Used for navigation, deleting text, copying, and saving files.
• Example commands:
Appeal under the Right to Information Act, 2005 – Section 19 Section 19 of the Act lays down the entire framework for first appeal, second appeal, timelines, powers, and procedure. First Appeal – Section 19(1) A first appeal lies to an officer senior in rank to the Central/State Public Information Officer (CPIO/ SPIO) within the same public authority. Grounds for First Appeal A person may file a first appeal when: 1.No decision is received within the time prescribed under Section 7(1) or Section
Conformity refers to a change in an individual’s behaviour, belief, or attitude due to real or imagined pressure from a group. People conform to be accepted by others or because they believe the group is correct. Solomon Asch’s line judgment experiment demonstrated that individuals often conform to group opinions even when the group is clearly wrong.
There are two main types of conformity. Normative conformity occurs when individuals conform to gain social
1. Energy & Systems (Week 3–4)
Energy is a real, quantifiable physical quantity
Exists in many forms:
Kinetic, Potential, Thermal, Electromagnetic, Nuclear, Chemical, Sound
Energy can change form, but total energy is conserved
Open system: exchanges both energy AND mass
Closed system: exchanges energy only
Isolated system: exchanges neither energy nor mass
Scale & Duration matter
A system may look isolated on short timescales but open on long ones.
2. Sound energy is described by intensity
Kautilya, also known as Chanakya or Vishnugupta, was an ancient Indian polymath, philosopher, economist, jurist, and royal advisor. He served as the chief advisor to the founder of the Maurya Empire, Chandragupta Maurya (c. 375–283 BCE).
Key Work: The Arthashastra (c. 3rd century BCE).
Main Contributions:
Political Science and Statecraft: The Arthashastra is a seminal text on statecraft, economic policy, and military strategy. Kautilya's philosophy revolves around the