📘 Strength of Materials (SOM)
- संक्षिप्त उत्तर
1. तनाव (Stress) और विकृति (Strain)
* तनाव (Stress): जब किसी वस्तु पर बाहरी बल लगाया जाता है, तो वस्तु के अंदर उस बल का विरोध करने वाला एक 'आंतरिक प्रतिरोधी बल' (Internal Resisting Force) पैदा होता है।
Production analysis examines the relationship between the inputs used (labor, capital, land) and the resulting output. It provides the technical framework for how a firm decides to produce.
1. The Production Function
The production function is a mathematical statement showing the maximum output that can be produced from a given set of inputs: Q = f(L, K), where Q is output, L is labor, and K is capital.
* Short Run: A period where at least one factor of production (usually capital/land) is fixed.
Demand and supply are the fundamental forces that drive a market economy. They determine what is produced, in what quantity, and at what price.
1. Understanding Demand
Demand is the quantity of a good that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices.
* Individual Demand: The quantity of a commodity that a single consumer is willing to buy at a specific price during a given period.
* Market Demand: The total sum of all individual demands for a particular good in the market. It is
Economics is often called the "Queen of Social Sciences" because it touches almost every aspect of human life. At its core, it is the study of how people manage scarcity—the fact that we have unlimited wants but limited resources.
1. Meaning of Economics -Economics is derived from the Greek word Oikonomia, which means "household management." * Modern Definition: It is a social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. * The Problem of Choice: Because
Psihologija je ljudska moć samorazmatranja. Termin „psihologija“ se vezuje za značenje „proučavanje duše“ i potiče od PSIHE (duh, duša, um, dah…) i LOGOS (nauka, studija, rasuđivanje). Simbol psihologije je grčko slovo Ψ (psi). Psihologija kao nauka proučava psihičke procese (subjektivne doživljaje), fizičke uslove njihovog nastajanja i načine njihovog ispoljavanja (reakcije, ponašanja). Psihički život ljudi obuhvata kogniciju, konaciju i emocije. @
Centralni nervni sistem
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BELLS PALSY Etiology: idiopathic; commonly associated with HSV-1, VZV; autoimmune inflammation or ischemia suspected; sporadic outbreaks reported.Clinical features: mastoid/ear pain precedes weakness by 1–2 days; rapid onset facial weakness within 48 h; loss of forehead wrinkling and eye closure; impaired taste (anterior 2/3 tongue); hyperacusis (stapedius paralysis); ↓ salivation; lacrimation usually preserved; Bell’s phenomenon (upward/outward eye movement on attempted closure).Diagnosis: