Shows concepts only: classes, attributes, associations, multiplicities.
No methods, no UI, no controllers.
Purpose: understand the real-world objects.
Actor ↔ System interaction.
Verb+noun name.
Format: Actor step vs System step.
Use cases → sequence diagrams → class diagrams.
🔵 UML CLASS DIAGRAM (Module 7)
Class: name, attributes, methods.
Association: line with multiplicity (1, 0..1, , 1..).
Inheritance: open triangle
१) वर्ण का मतलब बताकर उसका वर्गीकरण स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर:
वर्ण का अर्थ : वर्ण उस मूल ध्वनि को कहते हैं, जिसके और टुकड़े या खंड नहीं किए जा सकते। यह भाषा की सबसे छोटी इकाई है। उदाहरण के लिए— 'अ', 'क', 'ख',
Q1. Differentiate visual and non-visual programming language.
Visual programming languages allow developers to create programs using graphical elements like forms, buttons, and drag-and-drop tools. In a visual environment, the programmer focuses more on designing the interface and linking events rather than writing complex lines of code. Visual Basic (VB) is a good example, where you can create applications by placing controls on a form. These languages make development faster, easier, and more
1. If reflected/refracted rays never meet, the image is virtual because the rays only appear to meet when extended backward. This happens in plane & convex mirrors and in diverging lenses, or in converging lenses when the object is inside F.
2a. Refraction is the bending of light as it changes speed moving between media. 2b. Rules: (1) Low→high density = toward normal. (2) High→low density = away from normal. 2c. Higher optical density = higher refractive index. 2d. Symbol = n.
3a. Critical
B. Writing Essays
1. Essay on National Unity
National unity is the foundation of peace, progress, and stability in any nation. It is the feeling of togetherness, harmony, and mutual understanding among people belonging to different castes, religions, languages, and regions. In a country like Nepal, where people follow diverse traditions and lifestyles, national unity becomes even more important. Unity helps citizens work together for common goals, protects the nation’s identity, and strengthens...
1. Transmission Media
Transmission media refers to the physical or wireless pathways through which data travels from one device to another in a network. It plays a crucial role in determining the speed, quality, and reliability of communication. Transmission media is broadly classified into guided and unguided media. Guided media includes cables like twisted pair, coaxial cable, and optical fiber, where signals travel through a fixed physical path. Optical fiber offers the highest bandwidth and
MESSAGE
October 22, 2025 12:28 pm
Mother
Father called up to inform that he had been stuck in a traffic jam and would not be able to pick you up. He has asked you to reach the film theatre on your own.
Huma
MESSAGE
October 18, 2025 11:55 A.M.
Father
Your childhood friend Mr. Nikhil called up to inform that he has been in Delhi for a week. He wants to meet you and has asked you to call him at the number 5089752 any time after 5 p.m. He wishes to plan something with you.
Shreya
Khannurza,
Sultanganj,
Primary Network Topologies
Network Topologies describe the physical or logical arrangement of nodes (devices) and their connections within a network. They define how devices are interconnected and communicate with each other.
Factors affecting Network Topologies:
Scalability: The ability to expand the network easily influences the choice of topology. For example, star and tree topologies are more scalable because additional devices can be added without disrupting the existing network. In contrast,