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Chapters 1–7 | Exam-Ready | Updated for 2024/25
Syllabus: End of Bipolarity; Contemporary Power Centers; Contemporary South Asia; International Organizations; Security; Environment & Natural Resources; Globalization.
a) Data Science – Field that uses scientific methods, algorithms, and tools to extract knowledge from data.
b) Datafication – Process of transforming information, activities, or objects into data.
c) Population & Sample – Population is the entire group; Sample is a subset of the population.
d) Overfitting – A model that performs well on training data but poorly on new data.
e) Attribute – A property or characteristic of a data object.
f) Binary Attribute – Attribute with only two
### Home Management & Support Worker Quiz (with Correct Answers)
1. **What must a support worker do when faced with their primary role of providing personal care to the client at the same time as household tasks?**
✔ **Prioritize tasks**
2. **How should the support worker dry eating and cooking utensils (if no dishwasher)?**
✔ **By letting them air dry in a dish drainer**
3. **Gordon, a support worker, acknowledges his client’s preferences for meals. By doing this, what is Gordon
Cells & Genetics Basics
Cells = fundamental life unit.
Prokaryotes = no nucleus, single-celled.
Eukaryotes = nucleus + organelles, can be multi/single-celled.
Genetics = study of heredity. DNA discovered by Rosalind Franklin (1953).
DNA = double helix, 4 bases (A–T, C–G).
DNA → histones → chromatin → chromosomes (23 pairs in humans).
DNA Replication & Mutations
Replication: initiation (helicase), elongation (polymerase), termination.
Errors = mutations (only source of new variation)...
a) Business:Business is an economic activity of producing and selling goods or services to earn profit.b) Demand:
Demand is the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at a given price and time.c) Inflation:Inflation is the continuous rise in the general price level of goods and services in an economy.d) National Income:National income is the total money value of all final goods and services produced in a country during a year.e) Law of Demand:Law of demand states
Switches
Managed Switch: Configurable via software, supports security and communication settings. Used in large networks (enterprise, universities).
Unmanaged Switch: Fixed configuration, hardware-only, cannot be configured.
Ethernet & Speed - Fast Ethernet: 100 Mbps.Gigabit Ethernet: 1 Gbps.
Ethernet Protocol: Divides data into frames, encapsulates IP addresses, performs error detection.
Ports
Console Port: Connects PC/laptop to configure switch.
Communication Modes
Simplex (Half
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class DssClient {
public static long[] dssSign(long p, long q, long g, long x, long Hm, long k) {
long y = modPow(g, x, p);
long r = modPow(g, k, p) % q;
long kInv = modInverse(k, q);
long s = (kInv * (Hm + x * r)) % q;
System.out.println("\n---- Client: Signature Generation ----");
System.out.println("y = " + y);
System.out.println("r = " + r);
Q1) Define the term Quality?
Ans- Quality is the degree to which a product service, or process meets specified requirements and satisfies customer needs or expectations
Q2) What do you understand by quality characteristics?
Ans- Quality Characteristics refer to the specific features, attributes, or properties of a product, service, or process that determine its ability to meet customer needs and quality standards. LIKE-Durability, Reliability, Performance etc.
Q3) What are the different dimensions